CanMap RouteLogistics Newfoundland and Labrador
Comprehensive road network file; roads, streets, etc.
CENSUS
CanMap RouteLogistics New Brunswick
Comprehensive road network file; roads, streets, etc.
CanMap RouteLogistics Manitoba
Comprehensive road network file; roads, streets, etc.
CanMap RouteLogistics British Columbia
Comprehensive road network file; roads, streets, etc.
CanMap RouteLogistics Alberta
Comprehensive road network file; roads, streets, etc.
National Historical Geographic Information System
from their web page: "The National Historical Geographic Information System (NHGIS) is a project to create and freely disseminate a database incorporating all available aggregate census information for the United States between 1790 and 2015." Free account creation required.
Census of Canada Geography Files
Census of Canada 1971 : Census Metropolitan Areas, Census Tracts, and Census Agglomerationall major Canadian cities
Census of Canada Geography Files - Census Tracts
1981 Census of Canada census tract boundary files digitized in 2012 by census metropolitan area based upon CARTLIB files [insert link].
Census Mapper/Poverty in America
What is CensusMapper? CensusMapper is a geographic information system designed to make maps and tabular reports of historic U.S. Census and related data.